[Objective] Melia azedarach is a multi-purpose fast growing timber tree species widely distributed in China. It is important to study the geographic variation pattern for seedlots and adaptive regions selection. [Method] 12 key traits of stone and seeds of 70 M. azedarach provenances collected from 17 provinces were used to analyze the geographic variation patterns by trend surface method.[Result] The results reveal that the traits variation of stones and seeds from different provenance are controlled by both longitude and latitude, but mainly the latitude variation. The performance within the distribution area in China totally follows a continuity of cline pattern. Among the traits observed, the width of stone and seeds shows a southwest-northeast gradient variation while hundred grain weight of stone and seeds mainly presents a northwest-southeast gradient variation. And peel 2 of stone shows a trend of south-north gradient variation. A positive linear relationship or a reverse parabolic curve relationship was found between traits and seedlots elevation, the width and weight of seeds and stones increased by the seedlot elevations. Based on the stone and seed traits, the cluster analysis and principal component analysis, the provenances can be divided into four groups.[Conclusion] Morphological differences of Melia Azedarach provenance shows that along with the change of the geographical factors, a variety of provenance forms their own ecological traits. Under similar geographical environment, the provenance traits performs similar trend. Increasing the molecular genetic evidence and long-term multi-location provenance trial could validate the reliability of the provenance regionalization.

[目的]借鉴以往楝属文献报道的SSR引物,筛选高度多态性、稳定性高、重复性好的苦楝SSR引物,为苦楝遗传图谱构建、QTL定位和分子标记辅助选择育种等研究领域应用奠定基础.[方法]本研究采用单因素法和正交试验设计进行SSR-PCR反应体系优化,并利用该体系以8个不同种源的苦楝基因组DNA为模板,从135对候选SSR引物中进行引物筛选.[结果]苦楝SSR-PCR最优反应体系为:1.0 μL 50 ng·μL-1模板DNA,1.2 μL 100 μmol·L-1引物,1.0 μL 10 mmol·L-1 dNTPs,0.8 μL 25 mmol·L-1 Mg2+,0.15 μL 5 U·μL-1 Taq酶,1.5 μL 10×Buffer,补ddH2O至15 μL;最终筛选出15对具有高度多态性、稳定性高、重复性好的SSR引物.[结论]本研究成功优化了苦楝SSR-PCR反应体系,并成功筛选出15对适用于苦楝的SSR引物.